Hugo Chavez: A Maker of History
EDITORIAL, LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, SOCIALISM - MARXISM, COOPS-COOPERATION-SHARING, HISTORY, 11 Mar 2013
Johan Galtung, 11 Mar 2013 - TRANSCEND Media Service
That his life and his deeds had black dots is part of the story; but that should not block seeing the greatness of a maker of history.
First, in his own society, Venezuela, he lifted the bottom people up from misery, into economic wellness, political participation, cultural pride (of their often African, or Indian, blood), social dignity; much beyond Gini coefficients to measure increasing equality. Even the rich human rights language is too bland to reflect all that.
Second, he did the same for Latin America; he helped lift the bottom countries up, also under the name of the iconic Simón Bolívar: Cuba and Nicaragua, Ecuador and Bolivia, Brazil to mention some.
Of course the two policies are related. Colombia with its immense record of violence 1948-2013, is a pariah country and can only be lifted up by lifting its bottom up, attacking flagrant inequality. Chávez and his fellow leaders Castro and Ortega, Correa and Moráles, Lula, are on line. The leadership of the continent, with Kirchner from Argentina, and the Salvador Allende icon from Chile! A formidable team; well beyond the European leaders trying to manage their crises.
The late essayist-journalist Christopher Hitchens interviewed Chávez some years ago, asking him about similarities and differences with Fidel. Chávez answered that when it came to US imperialism they were of one mind, in complete solidarity. But then he added: “However,
“Fidel is a communist who believes in a one party state headed by the communist party; I am a democrat to the left, believing in a multi-party state and free elections;
“Fidel is a marxist who believes in the public, state sector of the economy only; I believe in a mixed economy, public and private;
“Fidel is an atheist, believing in scientific atheism; I am a Catholic and take note of the fact that Jesus lived among the poor.”
Too dissonant for some Anglo-American minds to handle.
Very meaningful in Latin America, however, particularly when so many leave the Catholic Church, joining the evangelicals. The Sermon on the Mount, Matthew 5 as political program: not lifting the bottom up to Heaven, but to a better reality in this world. Many countries have the oil money to do so, and the majority of poor to give them democratic legitimacy. But Chávez did it, inspiring and sharing with other Latin American leaders and peoples, and beyond, the world.
Who is the better Christian: Chávez or a forgettable German with an 11-12th century brain, retired, being tired? Fighting a liberation theology as close to Chávez’ heart as distant from his, if he has any?
Leaving that aside; is Venezuela economically sustainable?
The economy is in trouble, lack of investments etc., debt to the Chinese piling up (a minor point as long as oil flows to China rather than to a USA now turning tar sands into sink holes). The key factor is to make former marginalized, excluded slum dwellers contribute to the economy, strengthening both production, supply, and demand.
Many feel threatened by the poor and the race factor, also Chávez himself, coming up: “Will they treat us the way we treated them”? And, will they outcompete us? Some will sabotage, too late to kill Chávez, but maybe some of the economy. Many countries will feel threatened by poor countries coming up, for the same reasons and one more: will that inspire our downtrodden to do the same? Could blacks in the US Gulf states be interested in a (con)federation with Caribbean countries populated the same way, by slavers from Liverpool?
Somebody is working 24/7 for Venezuela not to succeed, for sure. But it may be too late. The egg has been stood on its head with a little crack, and Chávez did it. The thought has been not only thought but enacted, and, given the enthusiasm and the dedication of the born-again in red T-shirts, Venezuela will probably make it.
There are questions beyond Venezuela’s future on the horizon.
It will be difficult for economists to stick to their trickling down illusions given Chávez’ bold option. But positive discrimination is sometimes an indispensable shock therapy to lift those in misery–women all over, non-whites, Malays in Malaysia, dalits in India–even if it “destroys market mechanisms”–for the short time it took to have an effect in Venezuela. Economists should help lifting the bottom up, also in the not oil rich countries, not only show the problems.
It will also be difficult for Christian theologians to disregard this challenge. Jesus lived among the poor, not only preaching on the Mount, but feeding, nursing, comforting, with compassion, on earth. Chávez was not a theologian entering that intellectual landscape, mined for two millennia where every step is wrong, for some, for many. He acted. This eternal debate inside the church is by no means new, as Hans Küng writes in his superb “Is it time, at last, for a Vatican Spring” (IHT, 01 Mar 2013). If not, says Küng, “the church will–fall into a new ice age–shrinking into an increasingly irrelevant sect”.
Küng himself could turn it around, as pope, for the whole world.
It will also be difficult for left wing extremists to see Fidel’s line as the only possible. Western democratic legitimacy, diverse-symbiotic economy and strong ethical motivation may carry us further. But the West has a tendency to confuse violence with conflict, ceasefire and disarmament of “rebels” with solutions, multi-party national election democracy with mediation; and the rule of law leaves out acts of omission as human rights leave out people’s rights.
It will also be difficult for politicians to hide their lack of initiative behind anti-populism. Democracy is already people-ist, and Chávez has shown that what people want, dignity, is not populist in the sense of promising the undeliverable but even short term feasible.
A genius makes us think, and act, differently, thereby making history. Chávez was one. Thank you Hugo–may you not rest in peace.
___________________
Johan Galtung, a professor of peace studies, dr hc mult, is rector of the TRANSCEND Peace University-TPU. He is author of over 150 books on peace and related issues, including ‘50 Years-100 Peace and Conflict Perspectives,’ published by the TRANSCEND University Press-TUP.
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6 Responses to “Hugo Chavez: A Maker of History”
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EDITORIAL:
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HISTORY:
“[…]he lifted the bottom people up from misery, into economic wellness, political participation, cultural pride […]”.
[…] Originally published by Transcend Media Service here. […]
Poverty reduction from 48.6% in 2002 to 29.5% in 2011 by giving new constitution -applying participatory democratic councils, nationalization of several key industries, land reform, special fund to education and health, worker managed cooperatives-etc made him the hero of economic transformation. Any change with honest political agenda can bring great transformation, Hugo is the example. Oil Diplomacy supporting the ‘Pink Tide ‘brought him to a different height but the sale reducing to 3.% in comparison to 13.2% of Saudi Arabia and 11.00% of Canada might Venezuela as per its largest reserve of 17.9% and second largest Saudi’s 16.1% have brought to reconsideration stage. But on the part of building national economy on its own, he fully succeeded to bring the national economy in their own hands. On 13 March 2013, I was invited as a speaker to mourn his passing away in Kathmandu. I challenged many communist leaders of Nepal that he never said that he was a communist but in real sense his ‘socialism for 21st century’ in place of Bolivarianism post-1995 period, in practice, gave more to the bottom-up than any communist party of the world during 1999-2013. I asked the Nepalese authorities, why we cannot have ‘water diplomacy’, to counter like Hugo, against regional hegemony?
-Dr. Bishnu Hari Nepal, Kathmandu
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[…] *Johan Galtung, a professor of peace studies, dr hc mult, is rector of the TRANSCEND Peace University-TPU. He is author of over 150 books on peace and related issues, including ‘50 Years-100 Peace and Conflict Perspectives,’ published by the TRANSCEND University Press-TUP. Galtung’s editorial was published by TRANSCEND Media Service. Go to Original. […]
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