This Week in History

HISTORY, 21 Sep 2015

Satoshi Ashikaga – TRANSCEND Media Service

TWH logo history

Sep 21-27

QUOTE OF THE WEEK:

“We are what we think we are. The habitual inclination of our thoughts determines our talents and abilities, and our personality. So whatever you want to be, start to develop that pattern now.” – Paramahansa Yogananda

SEPTEMBER 21

2013  al-Shabaab Islamic militants attack the Westgate shopping mall in Nairobi, Kenya, killing at least 67 people.

2001  America: A Tribute to Heroes is broadcast by over 35 network and cable channels, raising over $200 million for the victims of the September 11 attacks.

2001  Deep Space 1 flies within 2,200 km of Comet Borrelly.

1999  Chi-Chi earthquake occurs in central Taiwan, leaving about 2,400 people dead.

1993  Russian President Boris Yeltsin suspends parliament and scraps the then-functioning constitution, thus triggering the Russian constitutional crisis of 1993.

1991  Armenia is granted independence from Soviet Union.

Armenia:

Foreign Relations of Armenia:

Economy of Armenia:

History of Armenia:

1984  Brunei joins the United Nations.

Brunei:

Economy of Brunei:

History of Brunei:

1983  US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

1981  Sandra Day O’Connor is unanimously approved by the U.S. Senate as the first female Supreme Court justice.

1981  Belize is granted full independence from the United Kingdom.

1977  A nuclear non-proliferation pact is signed by 15 countries, including the United States and the Soviet Union.

1976  Seychelles joins the United Nations.

1976  Orlando Letelier is assassinated in Washington, D.C. He is a member of the Chilean socialist government of Salvador Allende, overthrown in 1973 by Augusto Pinochet.

1972  USSR performs underground nuclear test.

USSR’s Nuclear Weapons Tests:

Effect and/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:

Underground Nuclear Tests:

1972  Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos signs Proclamation № 1081, placing the entire country under martial law and marking the beginning of his authoritarian rule.

1971  Bahrain, Bhutan and Qatar join the United Nations.

1967  US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

For some more pertinent information, see “1983 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site”, mentioned above.

1965  Gambia, Maldives and Singapore are admitted as members of the United Nations.

1964  The North American XB-70 Valkyrie, the world’s first Mach 3 bomber, makes its maiden flight from Palmdale, California.

1964  Malta gains independence from the United Kingdom.

Malta:

Economy of Malta:

History of Malta:

1961  Maiden flight of the Boeing CH-47 Chinook transportation helicopter.

1958  US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

For some more pertinent information, see “1983 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site”, mentioned above.

1955  USSR performs nuclear test in Siberia, USSR.

1953  Lieutenant No Kum-Sok, a North Korean pilot, defects to South Korea and is associated with Operation Moolah.

1942  The Boeing B-29 Superfortress makes its maiden flight.

1942  In Dunaivtsi, Ukraine, Nazis murder 2,588 Jews.

1942  In Poland, at the end of Yom Kippur, Germans order Jews to permanently evacuate Konstantynów and move to the Ghetto in Biała Podlaska, established to assemble Jews from seven nearby towns, including Janów Podlaski, Rossosz and Terespol.

1942  The Holocaust: On the Jewish holiday of Yom Kippur, Nazis send over 1,000 Jews of Pidhaytsi (west Ukraine) to Belzec extermination camp.

Jewish People in Pidhaytsi:

Belzac Extermination Camp:

1939  Romanian Prime Minister Armand Călinescu is assassinated by far-right legionnaires of the fascist paramilitary organization Iron Guard.

1938  The Great Hurricane of 1938 makes landfall on Long Island in New York. The death toll is estimated at 500-700 people.

1934  A large typhoon hits western Honshū, Japan, killing 3,036 people.

1921  A storage silo in Oppau, Germany, explodes, killing 500-600 people.

1898  Empress Dowager Cixi seizes power and ends the Hundred Days’ Reform in China.

1896  Mahdist War: British forces under the command of Horatio Kitchener takes Dongola in the Sudan.

1860  Second Opium War: an Anglo-French force defeats Chinese troops at the Battle of Palikao.

1843  John Williams Wilson takes possession of the Strait of Magellan on behalf of the newly independent Chilean government.

1792  French Revolution: the National Convention declares France a republic and abolishes the absolute monarchy.

 

 

SEPTEMBER 22

2013  At least 75 people are killed in a suicide bombing at a church in Peshawar, Pakistan.

1995  Nagerkovil school bombing, is carried out by Sri Lankan Air Force in which at least 34 die, most of them ethnic Tamil school children.

1993  A Transair Georgian Airlines Tu-154 is shot down by a missile in Sukhumi, Georgia.

1993  A barge strikes a railroad bridge near Mobile, Alabama, causing the deadliest train wreck in Amtrak history. Forty-seven passengers are killed.

1991  The Dead Sea Scrolls are made available to the public for the first time by the Huntington Library.

1983  USSR performs underground nuclear test.

USSR’s Nuclear Weapons Tests:

Effect and/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:

Underground Nuclear Tests:

1980  Iraq invades Iran

1979  The Vela Incident (also known as the South Atlantic Flash) is observed near Bouvet Island, thought to be a nuclear weapons test.

Note, regarding this event, that OnThisDay.com, in its Historical Events on 22nd September, indicates, “1979 – Israel performs nuclear test at Indian Ocean”.

1975  Sara Jane Moore tries to assassinate U.S. President Gerald Ford, but is foiled by Oliver Sipple.

1971  US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

1967  USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR.

1965  The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 (also known as the Second Kashmir War) between India and Pakistan over Kashmir, ends after the UN calls for a ceasefire.

1960  The Sudanese Republic is renamed Mali after the withdrawal of Senegal from the Mali Federation.

1957  In Haiti, François Duvalier is elected president.

1955  In the United Kingdom, the television channel ITV goes live for the first time.

1950  Nobel peace prize awarded to Ralph J Bunche (1st colored person winner).

Ralph Bunche:

Nobel Prize and Racism? :

1941  World War II: On Jewish New Year Day, the German SS murder 6,000 Jews in Vinnytsya, Ukraine. Those are the survivors of the previous killings that took place a few days earlier in which about 24,000 Jews were executed.

1939  Joint victory parade of Wehrmacht and Red Army in Brest-Litovsk at the end of the Invasion of Poland.

1937  Spanish Civil War: Peña Blanca is taken; the end of the Battle of El Mazuco.

1914  German submarine SM U-9 torpedoes and sinks the British cruisers HMS Aboukir, Hogue and Cressy on the Broad Fourteens off the Dutch coast with the loss of over 1,400 men.

1908  The Bulgarian Declaration of Independence is proclaimed.

1885  Lord Randolph Churchill makes a speech in Ulster in opposition to Home Rule.

1866  Battle of Curupayty in the Paraguayan War.

1862  Slavery in the United States: A preliminary version of the Emancipation Proclamation is released.

 

 

SEPTEMBER 23

2008  Convict Teresa Lewis became the first female inmate to die by lethal injection in the state of Virginia.

2008  Kauhajoki school shooting: Matti Saari kills 10 people before committing suicide.

2004  Hurricane Jeanne: At least 1,070 in Haiti are reported to have been killed by floods.

2002  The first public version of the web browser Mozilla Firefox (“Phoenix 0.1”) is released.

1999  NASA announces that it has lost contact with the Mars Climate Orbiter.

1992  A large Provisional Irish Republican Army bomb destroys forensic laboratories in Belfast.

1983  Gulf Air Flight 771 is bombed, killing all 117 people on board.

1983  Saint Kitts and Nevis joins the United Nations.

1983  Gerrie Coetzee of South Africa becomes the first African boxing world heavyweight champion.

1982  US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

1980  Bob Marley plays what would be his last concert in Pittsburgh.

1973  Juan Perón returns to power in Argentina.

1969  The Chicago Eight trial opens in Chicago.

1959  Iowa farmer and corn breeder Roswell Garst hosts Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev.

1958  US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

1952  Richard Nixon makes his “Checkers speech“.

1950  Korean War: The Battle of Hill 282 the first US friendly-fire incident on British military personnel since World War II occurred.

1943  World War II: The Nazi puppet state the Italian Social Republic is founded.

1942  World War II: The Matanikau action on Guadalcanal begins U.S. Marines attack Japanese units along the Matanikau River.

1938  Mobilization of the Czechoslovak army in response to the Munich Crisis.

1936  First ascent of Siniolchu by a German team.

1932  The Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd is renamed the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

1913  Roland Garros of France becomes the first to fly in an airplane across the Mediterranean (from St. Raphael France to Bizerte, Tunisia).

1911  Pilot Earle Ovington makes the first official airmail delivery in America under the authority of the United States Post Office Department

1905  Norway and Sweden sign the “Karlstad treaty”, peacefully dissolving the Union between the two countries.

1899  American Asiatic Squadron destroys a Filipino battery at the Battle of Olongapo.

1868  Grito de Lares (“Lares Revolt”) occurs in Puerto Rico against Spanish rule.

1846  Astronomers Urbain Jean Joseph Le Verrier, John Couch Adams and Johann Gottfried Galle collaborate on the discovery of Neptune.

1812  Tripolitsa, Greece, is captured by Greek rebels during the Greek War of Independence.

1803  Second Anglo-Maratha War: Battle of Assaye between the British East India Company and the Maratha Empire in India.

1642  First commencement exercises occur at Harvard College.

 

 

SEPTEMBER 24

2014  The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), a Mars orbiter launched into Earth orbit by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), successfully inserted into orbit of Mars.

2013  A 7.7-magnitude earthquake strikes southern Pakistan, killing more than 327 people.

2009  The G20 summit begins in Pittsburgh with 30 global leaders in attendance. It marks the first use of LRAD in U.S. history.

2007  Between 30,000 and 100,000 people take part in anti-government protests in Yangon, Burma, the largest in 20 years.

1996  Representatives of 71 nations sign the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty at the United Nations.

1993  The Cambodian monarchy is restored, with Norodom Sihanouk as king.

1990  Periodic Great White Spot is observed on Saturn.

1987  US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

1983  USSR performs underground nuclear test.

USSR’s Nuclear Weapons Tests:

Effect and/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:

Underground Nuclear Tests:

1982  The Wimpy Operation, first act of resistance against Israeli troops in Beirut

1981  US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

1979  CompuServe launches the first consumer internet service, which features the first public electronic mail service.

1979  USSR performs underground nuclear test.

For some more pertinent information, see “1983 USSR performs underground nuclear test”, mentioned above.

1975  Dougal Haston and Doug Scott on the Southwest Face expedition become the first people to reach the summit of Mount Everest by any of its faces.

1973  Guinea-Bissau declares its independence from Portugal.

1968  Swaziland joins the United Nations.

1968  US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

For some more pertinent information, see “1987 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site”, mentioned above.

1962  United States court of appeals orders the University of Mississippi to admit James Meredith.

1960  USS Enterprise, the world’s first nuclear-powered aircraft carrier, is launched.

1957  President Dwight D. Eisenhower sends 101st Airborne Division troops to Little Rock, Arkansas, to enforce desegregation.

1957  Camp Nou, the largest stadium in Europe, is opened in Barcelona.

1951  USSR atmospheric performs nuclear test in Siberia, USSR.

1950  Forest fires black out the sun over portions of Canada and New England. A blue moon is seen as far away as Europe.

1948  The Honda Motor Company is founded.

1946  Clark Clifford and George Elsey, military advisers to US President Harry S. Truman, present him with a top-secret report on the Soviet Union that first recommends the containment policy.

1946  Cathay Pacific Airways is founded in Hong Kong.

1935  Earl Bascom and Weldon Bascom produce the first rodeo ever held outdoors under electric lights at Columbia, Mississippi

1932  Gandhi and Dr. B. R. Ambedkar agree to the Poona Pact, which reserved seats in the Indian provincial legislatures for the “Depressed Classes” (Untouchables).

Poona Pact:

Philosophy of Gandhi, and the Principle of Equality of People:

Controversies of Gandhi’s Philosophy over the Removal of the Untouchability:

1914  World War I: The Siege of Przemyśl (present-day Poland) begins.

1906  US President Theodore Roosevelt proclaims Devils Tower in Wyoming as the nation’s first National Monument.

1890  The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints officially renounces polygamy.

1877  Battle of Shiroyama, decisive victory of the Imperial Japanese Army over the Satsuma Rebellion

1873  Establishment of “Satyashodhak Samaj“, (Truth-seeker Movement) at Pune, Maharashtra, India by Mahatma Jyotirao Phule.

1869  “Black Friday“: Gold prices plummet after Ulysses S. Grant orders the Treasury to sell large quantities of gold after Jay Gould and James Fisk plot to control the market.

 

 

SEPTEMBER 25

2009  US President Barack Obama, British Prime Minister Gordon Brown and French President Nicolas Sarkozy, in a joint TV appearance for a G-20 summit, accuse Iran of building a secret nuclear enrichment facility.

2008  China launches the spacecraft Shenzhou 7.

2002  The Vitim event, a possible bolide impact in Siberia, Russia.

1996  The last of the Magdalene asylums closes in Ireland.

1990  UN Security Council vote 14-1 to impose air embargo against Iraq.

1983  USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR.

1982  USSR performs underground nuclear test.

USSR’s Nuclear Weapons Tests:

Effect and/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:

Underground Nuclear Tests:

1981  Belize joins the United Nations.

Belize:

Foreign Relations of Belize:

Economy of Belize:

History and Culture of Belize:

1980  USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR.

1980  US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

1972  In a referendum, the people of Norway reject membership of the European Community.

1970  Cease-fire between Jordan and the Fedayeen ends fighting triggered by four hijackings on September 6 and 9.

1969  The charter establishing the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation is signed.

1964  The Mozambican War of Independence against Portugal begins.

1963  Lord Denni1964   ng releases the UK government’s official report on the Profumo Affair.

1962  The North Yemen Civil War begins when Abdullah as-Sallal dethrones the newly crowned Imam al-Badr and declares Yemen a republic under his presidency.

1962  The People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria is formally proclaimed. Ferhat Abbas is elected President of the provisional government.

1959  Solomon Bandaranaike, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka is mortally wounded by a Buddhist monk, Talduwe Somarama, and dies the next day.

1957  Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, is integrated by the use of United States Army troops.

1956  TAT-1, the first submarine transatlantic telephone cable system, is inaugurated.

1955  The Royal Jordanian Air Force is founded.

1944  World War II: Surviving elements of the British 1st Airborne Division withdraw from Arnhem in the Netherlands, thus ending the Battle of Arnhem and Operation Market Garden.

1942  World War II: Swiss Police Instruction of September 25, 1942: This instruction denied entry into Switzerland to Jewish refugees.

1937  Second Sino-Japanese War: The Chinese Eighth Route Army gains a minor, but morale-boosting victory in the Battle of Pingxingguan.

1929  Jimmy Doolittle performs the first blind flight from Mitchel Field proving that full instrument flying from take off to landing is possible.

1926  The international Convention to Suppress the Slave Trade and Slavery is first signed.

1915  World War I: The Second Battle of Champagne begins.

1912  Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism is founded in New York City.

1906  In the presence of the king and before a great crowd, Leonardo Torres Quevedo successfully demonstrates the invention of the Telekino in the port of Bilbao, guiding a boat from the shore, in what is considered the birth of the remote control.

1890  The United States Congress establishes Sequoia National Park.

1846  US forces led by Zachary Taylor capture the Mexican city of Monterrey.

1804  The Teton Sioux (a subdivision of the Lakota) demand one of the boats from the Lewis and Clark Expedition as a toll for allowing the expedition to move further upriver.

1789  The United States Congress passes twelve amendments to the United States Constitution: The Congressional Apportionment Amendment (which was never ratified), the Congressional Compensation Amendment, and the ten that are known as the Bill of Rights.

1555  The Peace of Augsburg is signed in Augsburg by Charles V and the princes of the Schmalkaldic League.

1396  Ottoman Emperor Bayezid I defeats a Christian army at the Battle of Nicopolis.

 

 

SEPTEMBER 26

2014  Ayotzinapa mass kidnapping

2009  Scottish aid worker Linda Norgrove and three Afghan colleagues were kidnapped by members of the Taliban in the Kunar Province of eastern Afghanistan.

2009  Typhoon Ketsana hit the Philippines, China, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos and Thailand, causing 700 fatalities.

2008  Swiss pilot and inventor Yves Rossy becomes first person to fly a jet engine-powered wing across the English Channel.

2002  The overcrowded Senegalese ferry MV Le Joola capsizes off the coast of the Gambia killing more than 1,000.

2000  Anti-globalization protests in Prague (some 20,000 protesters) turn violent during the IMF and World Bank summits.

1997  An earthquake strikes the Italian regions of Umbria and the Marche, causing part of the Basilica of St. Francis at Assisi to collapse.

1997  A Garuda Indonesia Airbus A300 crashes near Medan, Indonesia, airport, killing 234.

1984  The United Kingdom agrees to the handover of Hong Kong

Hong Kong:

Economy of Hong Kong:

History of Hong Kong:

1983  Soviet nuclear false alarm incident, military officer Stanislav Petrov identifies a report of an incoming nuclear missile as a computer error and not an American first strike.

1981  USSR performs underground nuclear test.

USSR’s Nuclear Weapons Tests:

Effect and/or Impact of Nuclear Weapons Tests:

Underground Nuclear Tests:

Physical Environment of the Underground Nuclear Test Site on Novaya Zemlya, Russia, by John R. Matzko – Open-File Report 93-501- Reston, Virginia – 1993 – THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY

1980  At the Oktoberfest terror attack in Munich 13 people died and 211 were injured.

1979  US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

1974  US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

For some more pertinent information, see “1979 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site”, mentioned above.

1973  Concorde makes its first non-stop crossing of the Atlantic in record-breaking time.

1971  The Freetown Christiania was founded.

1970  The Laguna Fire starts in San Diego County, California, burning 175,425 acres (709.92 km2).

1969  USSR performs underground nuclear test.

For some more pertinent information, see, “1981 USSR performs underground nuclear test”, mentioned above.

1960  Fidel Castro announces Cuba’s support for the USSR.

Fidel Castro:

Foreign Relations of Cuba:

Cuba and USSR/Russia:

Cuban Missile Crisis:

Cuba and the United States:

Cuba or the “Republic of Cuba” (Repúlica de Cuba):

History and Culture of Cuba:

Economy of Cuba:

1960  In Chicago, the first televised debate takes place between presidential candidates Richard M. Nixon and John F. Kennedy.

1959  Typhoon Vera, the strongest typhoon to hit Japan in recorded history, makes landfall, killing 4,580 people and leaving nearly 1.6 million others homeless.

1958  US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

For some more pertinent information, see “1979 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site”, mentioned above.

1957  USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR.

1954  Japanese rail ferry Tōya Maru sinks during a typhoon in the Tsugaru Strait, Japan killing 1,172.

1950  Indonesia is admitted to the United Nations.

1950  United Nations troops recapture Seoul from North Korean forces.

1944  World War II: On the central front of the Gothic Line Brazilian troops control the Serchio valley region after ten days of fighting.

1944  World War II: Operation Market Garden fails.

1942  – The Holocaust: August Frank, a higher official of the SS concentration camp administration department, issues a memorandum containing a great deal of operational detail in how Jews should be “evacuated”.

1923  Gustav Stresemann resumes the Weimar Republic’s payment of reparations.

1918  World War I: The Meuse-Argonne Offensive, the bloodiest single battle in American history, begins.

1917  World War I: The Battle of Polygon Wood begins.

1914  The United States Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is established by the Federal Trade Commission Act.

1910  Indian journalist Swadeshabhimani Ramakrishna Pillai is arrested after publishing criticism of the government of Travancore and exiled.

1907  New Zealand and Newfoundland each become dominions within the British Empire.

1872  The first Shriners Temple (called Mecca) is established in New York City.

1810  A new Act of Succession is adopted by the Riksdag of the Estates and Jean Baptiste Bernadotte becomes heir to the Swedish throne.

1792  Marc-David Lasource begins accusing Maximilien Robespierre of wanting a dictatorship for France.

1789  Thomas Jefferson is appointed the first United States Secretary of State, John Jay is appointed the first Chief Justice of the United States, Samuel Osgood is appointed the first United States Postmaster General, and Edmund Randolph is appointed the first United States Attorney General.

1777  American Revolution: British troops occupy Philadelphia.

1687  The city council of Amsterdam votes to support William of Orange‘s invasion of England, which became the Glorious Revolution.

1687  The Parthenon in Athens is partially destroyed by an explosion caused by the bombing from Venetian forces led by Morosini who are besieging the Ottoman Turks stationed in Athens.

 

 

SEPTEMBER 27

2008  CNSA astronaut Zhai Zhigang becomes the first Chinese person to perform a spacewalk while flying on Shenzhou 7.

2007  NASA launches the Dawn probe.

2003  Smart 1 satellite is launched.

2002  Timor-Leste joins the United Nations.

Timor-Leste:

Foreign Relations of Timor-Leste:

Timor-Leste and the United Nations:

2001  Zug massacre: In Zug, Switzerland, Friedrich Leibacher shoots 18 citizens, killing 14 and then himself.

1998  The Google internet search engine retrospectively claims this as its birthday.

History of Google and Search Engines:

1996  The Julie N tanker ship crashes into the Million Dollar Bridge in Portland, Maine spilling thousands of gallons of oil.

1996  In Afghanistan, the Taliban capture the capital city Kabul after driving out President Burhanuddin Rabbani and executing former leader Mohammad Najibullah.

Taliban:

History of Taliban:

Is the Taliban a Terrorist Organization? :

1993  The Sukhumi massacre takes place in Abkhazia.

1990  US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

1988  National League for Democracy is formed by Aung San Suu Kyi and various others to help fight against dictatorship in Myanmar.

Also see “SEPTERMBER 18 1988  End of pro-democracy uprisings in Myanmar after a bloody military coup by the State Law and Order Restoration Council. Thousands, mostly monks and civilians (primarily students), are killed by the Tatmadaw.”

National League for Democracy of Myanmar:

Myanmar:

History of Myanmar:

Pro-Democracy Uprising, Ethnic Cleansing and Other Pertinent Issues:

Aung San Suu Kyi:

Aung San Suu Kyi and Issues on the Rohingya People:

Some Relevant Issues on the Rohingya People:

1983  Richard Stallman announces the GNU project to develop a free Unix-like operating system.

1979  USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR.

1978  USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR.

1978  US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

For some more pertinent information, see “1990 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site”, mentioned above.

1977  A US Navy McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II crashes into a residential neighborhood in Yokohama, Japan, killing two children on the ground and injuring seven other people.

Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan, and the Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA):

1975  The last use of capital punishment in Spain sees the executions of five members of militant organisations, sparking worldwide protests against the Spanish government and the withdrawal of numerous ambassadors.

1973  USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR.

For some more pertinent information, see “1978  USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR”, mentioned above.

1971  USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR.

For some more pertinent information, see “1978  USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR”, mentioned above.

1967  US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

For some more pertinent information, see “1990 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site”, mentioned above.

1964  The British TSR-2 aircraft XR219 makes its maiden flight from Boscombe Down in Wiltshire.

1962  The Yemen Arab Republic is established.

Yemen:

Foreign Relations of Yemen:

History of Yemen:

Economy of Yemen:

1962  US sells Israel, Hawk anti-aircraft missiles.

Hawk anti-aircraft missiles:

US-Israeli (Military) Relations:

1961  Sierra Leone joins the United Nations.

Sierra Leone:

History of Sierra Leone:

Economy of Sierra Leone:

1959  Nearly 5,000 people die on the main Japanese island of Honshū as the result of a typhoon.

1956  USAF Captain Milburn G. Apt becomes the first man to exceed Mach 3 while flying the Bell X-2. Shortly thereafter, the craft goes out of control and Captain Apt is killed.

1949  The first Plenary Session of the National People’s Congress approves the design of the Flag of the People’s Republic of China.

1944  The Kassel Mission results in the largest loss by a USAAF group on any mission in World War II.

1942  Last day of the September Matanikau action on Guadalcanal as United States Marine Corps troops barely escape after being surrounded by Japanese forces near the Matanikau River.

1940  World War II: The Tripartite Pact is signed in Berlin by Germany, Japan and Italy.

1937  Balinese Tiger declared extinct.

1928  The Republic of China is recognized by the United States.

1922  King Constantine I of Greece abdicates his throne in favor of his eldest son, King George II.

1916  Iyasu V is proclaimed deposed as ruler of Ethiopia in a palace coup in favor of his aunt Zewditu I.

1908  The first production of the Ford Model T automobile was built at the Piquette Plant in Detroit, Michigan.

1905  The physics journal Annalen der Physik received Albert Einstein‘s paper “Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?”, introducing the equation E=mc².

1903  Wreck of the Old 97, a train crash made famous by the song of the same name.

1875  The merchant sailing ship Ellen Southard is wrecked in a storm at Liverpool; the United States Congress subsequently awards 27 gold Lifesaving Medals to the lifeboat men who went to rescue her crew.

1854  The steamship SS Arctic sinks with 300 people on board. This marks the first great disaster in the Atlantic Ocean.

1825  The world’s first public railway to use steam locomotives, the Stockton and Darlington Railway, is ceremonially opened.

1822  Jean-François Champollion announces that he has deciphered the Rosetta stone.

1821  Mexico gains its independence from Spain.

Mexico:

Foreign Relations of Mexico:

History and Culture of Mexico:

Independence of Mexico:

Economy of Mexico:

1669  The Venetians surrender the fortress of Candia to the Ottomans, thus ending the 21-year-long Siege of Candia.

1605  The armies of Sweden are defeated by the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Battle of Kircholm.

______________________________

Satoshi Ashikaga, having worked as researcher, development program/project officer, legal protection/humanitarian assistance officer, human rights monitor-negotiator, managing-editor, and more, prefers a peaceful and prudent life, especially that in communion with nature.  His previous work experiences, including those in war zones and war-torn zones, remind him of the invaluableness of peace.  His interest and/or expertise includes international affairs, international law, jurisprudence, economic and business affairs, project/operations or organizational management, geography, history, the environmental/ecological issues, audio/visual documentation of nature and culture, and more. Being a member of the TRANSCEND Network for Peace, Development and Environment, he is currently compiling This Week in History on TMS.

(Sources and references: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_21   to _27; http://www.onthisday.com/day/september/21   to september/27; http://www.brainyhistory.com/days/september_21.html   to _27.html; and other pertinent websites and/or documents, mentioned above.)

  1. The views expressed in the cited or quoted websites and/or documents in this article do not necessarily reflect those of the author of this article. These websites and/or documents are cited or quoted for academic or educational purposes. Neither the author of this article nor the Transcend Media Service (TMS) is responsible for the contents, information, or whatsoever contained in these websites and/or documents.
  2. One of the primary purposes of this article is to provide the readers with opportunities to think about “peace”, including positive peace and negative peace as well as external/outer peace and internal/inner peace, and more, directly or indirectly, from various angles and/or in the broadest sense, through historical events. It is because this article is prepared specifically for the TMS whose main objective is to address “peace” through peace journalism.

This article originally appeared on Transcend Media Service (TMS) on 21 Sep 2015.

Anticopyright: Editorials and articles originated on TMS may be freely reprinted, disseminated, translated and used as background material, provided an acknowledgement and link to the source, TMS: This Week in History, is included. Thank you.

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