Articles by Johan Galtung, 27 Jun 2011
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Nonviolence: Negative vs. Positive
Johan Galtung, 27 Jun 2011 - TRANSCEND Media Service,
27 Jun 2011
Both are forms of power. Negative nonviolence tries to stop the other side’s direct or structural violence whereas positive nonviolence tries to make the antagonist start being peaceful. Negative nonviolence includes all forms of action against, short of physical violence, like non-cooperation, civil obedience, breaking laws, declaring and practicing autonomy. And positive nonviolence includes clearing the past through conciliation, the present through mediation of dangerous conflicts, and building a future through equitable participation in positive projects. They are not exclusive; a Gandhi, a Martin Luther King did both.
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